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Merge pull request #238 from myoshi2891/dev-from-macmini
Add Valid Phone Numbers bash solution with detailed regex explanation
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‎Shell/Bash/Leetcode/193. Valid Phone Numbers/ValidPhoneNumbers.ipynb‎

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{
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"cells": [
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "e7bafc2d",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"# 電話番号フィルタリング問題の解説\n",
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"\n",
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"この問題を段階的に解説し、bash one-linerで解決します。\n",
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"\n",
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"## 問題の理解\n",
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"\n",
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"**有効な電話番号の形式:**\n",
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"1. `(xxx) xxx-xxxx` - カッコ付き形式\n",
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"2. `xxx-xxx-xxxx` - ハイフン形式\n",
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"\n",
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"ここで `x` は数字(0-9)を表します。\n",
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"\n",
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"## 解決策"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "39aacb70",
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"metadata": {
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"vscode": {
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"languageId": "powershell"
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}
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"#!/bin/bash\n",
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"\n",
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"# Solution 1: Using grep with extended regex\n",
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"# Analyze Complexity\n",
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"# Runtime 63 ms\n",
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"# Beats 58.79%\n",
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"# Memory 3.47 MB\n",
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"# Beats 84.10%\n",
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"\n",
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"grep -E '^([0-9]{3}-[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}|\\([0-9]{3}\\) [0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4})$' file.txt\n",
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"\n",
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"# Solution 2: Using sed (alternative)\n",
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"# Analyze Complexity\n",
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"# Runtime 65 ms\n",
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"# Beats 45.95%\n",
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"# Memory 3.42 MB\n",
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"# Beats 84.10%\n",
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"\n",
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"sed -n -E '/^([0-9]{3}-[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}|\\([0-9]{3}\\) [0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4})$/p' file.txt\n",
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"\n",
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"# Solution 3: Using awk (alternative)\n",
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"# Analyze Complexity\n",
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"# Runtime 71 ms\n",
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"# Beats 15.78%\n",
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"# Memory 3.84 MB\n",
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"# Beats 3.13%\n",
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"\n",
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"awk '/^([0-9]{3}-[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}|\\([0-9]{3}\\) [0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4})$/' file.txt"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "e5ef6417",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"## 最もシンプルな解答\n",
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"\n",
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"```bash\n",
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"grep -E '^([0-9]{3}-[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}|\\([0-9]{3}\\) [0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4})$' file.txt\n",
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"```\n",
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"\n",
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"---\n",
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"\n",
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"## 詳細な図解による解説\n",
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"\n",
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"### 1. 正規表現パターンの構造\n",
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"\n",
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"```\n",
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"^([0-9]{3}-[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}|\\([0-9]{3}\\) [0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4})$\n",
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"```\n",
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"\n",
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"この正規表現を分解して理解しましょう:\n",
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"\n",
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"#### **全体構造**\n",
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"```\n",
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" ^ $\n",
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" | |\n",
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" 行頭 OR演算子 行末\n",
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" ┌──────────────────┴──────────────────┐\n",
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" | |\n",
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" パターン1 パターン2\n",
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" xxx-xxx-xxxx (xxx) xxx-xxxx\n",
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"```\n",
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"\n",
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"#### **パターン1: `[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}`**\n",
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"\n",
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"```\n",
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" [0-9]{3} - [0-9]{3} - [0-9]{4}\n",
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" │ │ │ │ │\n",
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" 3桁の数字 ハイフン 3桁の数字 ハイフン 4桁の数字\n",
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" │ │ │\n",
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" 987 123 4567\n",
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"\n",
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"例: 987-123-4567\n",
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"```\n",
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"\n",
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"#### **パターン2: `\\([0-9]{3}\\) [0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}`**\n",
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"\n",
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"```\n",
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" \\( [0-9]{3} \\) スペース [0-9]{3} - [0-9]{4}\n",
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" │ │ │ │ │ │ │\n",
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" 左カッコ 3桁 右カッコ 空白 3桁 ハイフン 4桁\n",
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" │ │ │ │ │\n",
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" ( 123 ) 456 7890\n",
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"\n",
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"例: (123) 456-7890\n",
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"```\n",
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"\n",
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"**重要ポイント:** `\\(` と `\\)` はエスケープが必要です(カッコ自体を表すため)\n",
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"\n",
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"---\n",
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"\n",
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"### 2. grep コマンドの動作フロー\n",
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"\n",
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"```\n",
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"┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────┐\n",
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"│ file.txt の内容 │\n",
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"├─────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n",
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"│ 行1: 987-123-4567 │\n",
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"│ 行2: 123 456 7890 │\n",
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"│ 行3: (123) 456-7890 │\n",
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"├─────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n",
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" ↓ grep -E で各行をチェック\n",
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"├─────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n",
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"│ パターンマッチング │\n",
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"├─────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n",
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"│ 行1: 987-123-4567 │\n",
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"│ ✓ パターン1にマッチ → 出力 │\n",
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"│ │\n",
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"│ 行2: 123 456 7890 │\n",
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"│ ✗ どちらのパターンにもマッチしない │\n",
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"│ (スペースがハイフンではない) │\n",
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"│ │\n",
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"│ 行3: (123) 456-7890 │\n",
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"│ ✓ パターン2にマッチ → 出力 │\n",
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"├─────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n",
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" ↓ 結果出力\n",
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"├─────────────────────────────────────────────────┤\n",
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"│ 987-123-4567 │\n",
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"│ (123) 456-7890 │\n",
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"└─────────────────────────────────────────────────┘\n",
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"```\n",
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"\n",
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"---\n",
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"\n",
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"### 3. オプションの説明\n",
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"\n",
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"```bash\n",
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"grep -E '^pattern$' file.txt\n",
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" │ │ └─ 入力ファイル\n",
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" │ └─ 正規表現パターン\n",
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" └─ Extended Regular Expression (拡張正規表現)\n",
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"```\n",
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"\n",
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"- **`-E`**: 拡張正規表現を使用(+, ?, |, () などが使える)\n",
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"- **`^`**: 行頭にマッチ(余分な文字がないことを保証)\n",
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"- **`$`**: 行末にマッチ(余分な文字がないことを保証)\n",
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"\n",
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"---\n",
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"\n",
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"### 4. テストケースの検証\n",
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"\n",
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"#### **有効な番号**\n",
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"```\n",
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"✓ 987-123-4567\n",
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" [0-9]{3}-[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4} にマッチ\n",
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" \n",
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"✓ (123) 456-7890\n",
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" \\([0-9]{3}\\) [0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4} にマッチ\n",
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"```\n",
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"\n",
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"#### **無効な番号**\n",
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"```\n",
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"✗ 123 456 7890\n",
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" 理由: ハイフンではなくスペースで区切られている\n",
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" \n",
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"✗ 1234567890\n",
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" 理由: 区切り文字がない\n",
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" \n",
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"✗ (123)456-7890\n",
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" 理由: カッコの後にスペースがない\n",
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" \n",
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"✗ 12-345-6789\n",
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" 理由: 最初のグループが2桁(3桁が必要)\n",
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"```\n",
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"\n",
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"---\n",
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"\n",
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"### 5. 実行例\n",
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"\n",
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"```bash\n",
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"# file.txtを作成\n",
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"$ cat > file.txt << EOF\n",
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"987-123-4567\n",
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"123 456 7890\n",
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"(123) 456-7890\n",
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"EOF\n",
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"\n",
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"# スクリプトを実行\n",
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"$ grep -E '^([0-9]{3}-[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}|\\([0-9]{3}\\) [0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4})$' file.txt\n",
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"\n",
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"# 出力\n",
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"987-123-4567\n",
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"(123) 456-7890\n",
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"```\n",
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"\n",
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"---\n",
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"\n",
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"## まとめ\n",
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"\n",
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"**最適解:**\n",
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"```bash\n",
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"grep -E '^([0-9]{3}-[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}|\\([0-9]{3}\\) [0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4})$' file.txt\n",
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"```\n",
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"\n",
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"この一行で:\n",
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"- 2つの有効な形式を検出\n",
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"- 行頭と行末の厳密なマッチング\n",
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"- シンプルで効率的な実装\n",
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"\n",
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"が実現できます!"
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]
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}
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],
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"metadata": {
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"language_info": {
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"name": "python"
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}
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},
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"nbformat": 4,
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"nbformat_minor": 5
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}

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