diff --git a/lib/internal/vfs/providers/ziparchive.js b/lib/internal/vfs/providers/ziparchive.js
index f369cdd22f76..0b4a86160e11 100644
--- a/lib/internal/vfs/providers/ziparchive.js
+++ b/lib/internal/vfs/providers/ziparchive.js
@@ -115,6 +115,8 @@ class ZipFileHandle extends VirtualFileHandle {
   #buffer;
   #size;
   #dirty = false;
+  #entryMode;
+  #modified;
 
   /**
    * @param {string} path
@@ -125,8 +127,15 @@ class ZipFileHandle extends VirtualFileHandle {
    * @param {Buffer} initial The entry's current decompressed content, or an
    *   empty buffer for a new/truncated file
    */
-  constructor(path, flags, mode, source, name, initial) {
+  constructor(path, flags, mode, source, name, initial, entry = null, dirty = false) {
     super(path, flags, mode);
+    // An existing entry keeps its own mode and modification time across a
+    // rewrite; only a newly created file takes the mode open() was given.
+    this.#entryMode = entry === null ? this.mode : (entry.mode || 0o644);
+    this.#modified = entry === null ? null : entry.modified;
+    // Creation and truncation take effect at open time on a real file, so
+    // such a handle is committed on close even when nothing is written.
+    this.#dirty = dirty;
     this.#source = source;
     this.#name = name;
     this.#buffer = initial;
@@ -220,8 +229,14 @@ class ZipFileHandle extends VirtualFileHandle {
     this.#doWriteFile(data, options);
   }
 
+  // Reports the entry's own mode and, until the handle has changed the file,
+  // its own modification time; once dirty the file is as new as its close.
   #doStat() {
-    return createFileStats(this.#size, { mode: this.mode });
+    return createFileStats(this.#size, {
+      __proto__: null,
+      mode: this.#entryMode,
+      mtimeMs: this.#dirty || this.#modified === null ? undefined : this.#modified.getTime(),
+    });
   }
   async stat(options) {
     return this.#doStat();
@@ -245,13 +260,15 @@ class ZipFileHandle extends VirtualFileHandle {
 
   async close() {
     if (this.#dirty && isWritableFlag(this.flags)) {
-      await this.#source.add(this.#name, this.#buffer.subarray(0, this.#size), { mode: this.mode });
+      await this.#source.add(this.#name, this.#buffer.subarray(0, this.#size),
+                             { __proto__: null, mode: this.#entryMode });
     }
     await super.close();
   }
   closeSync() {
     if (this.#dirty && isWritableFlag(this.flags)) {
-      this.#source.addSync(this.#name, this.#buffer.subarray(0, this.#size), { mode: this.mode });
+      this.#source.addSync(this.#name, this.#buffer.subarray(0, this.#size),
+                           { __proto__: null, mode: this.#entryMode });
     }
     super.closeSync();
   }
@@ -350,7 +367,8 @@ class ZipProvider extends VirtualProvider {
     if (exists && !isWriteTruncate(flags)) {
       initial = await fileEntry.content();
     }
-    return new ZipFileHandle(path, flags, mode, this.#source, name, initial);
+    return new ZipFileHandle(path, flags, mode, this.#source, name, initial,
+                             fileEntry, !exists || isWriteTruncate(flags));
   }
   openSync(path, flags, mode) {
     flags = normalizeFlags(flags);
@@ -373,7 +391,8 @@ class ZipProvider extends VirtualProvider {
     if (exists && !isWriteTruncate(flags)) {
       initial = fileEntry.contentSync();
     }
-    return new ZipFileHandle(path, flags, mode, this.#source, name, initial);
+    return new ZipFileHandle(path, flags, mode, this.#source, name, initial,
+                             fileEntry, !exists || isWriteTruncate(flags));
   }
 
   async stat(path, options) {
@@ -531,6 +550,9 @@ class ZipProvider extends VirtualProvider {
     const newName = normalize(newPath);
     const entry = await this.#getEntry(oldName);
     if (entry === null) throw createENOENT('rename', oldPath);
+    // A file cannot take a directory's name; the archive would otherwise
+    // hold both under it.
+    if (this.#isDirectory(newName)) throw createEISDIR('rename', newPath);
     const content = await entry.content();
     await this.#source.add(newName, content, {
       mode: entry.mode || undefined,
@@ -545,6 +567,7 @@ class ZipProvider extends VirtualProvider {
     const newName = normalize(newPath);
     const entry = this.#getEntrySync(oldName);
     if (entry === null) throw createENOENT('rename', oldPath);
+    if (this.#isDirectory(newName)) throw createEISDIR('rename', newPath);
     const content = entry.contentSync();
     this.#source.addSync(newName, content, {
       mode: entry.mode || undefined,
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-vfs-zip-provider-commit.js b/test/parallel/test-vfs-zip-provider-commit.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6a2874be4ee0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-vfs-zip-provider-commit.js
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+// Flags: --experimental-vfs
+'use strict';
+
+// A ZipProvider handle commits its content to the archive when it is closed.
+// The effects `open(2)` has at open time, and the metadata an entry already
+// carries, must survive that model: opening with "w" creates or truncates
+// even without a write, rewriting an entry keeps its mode, fstat reports the
+// entry's mode, and a file cannot be renamed onto a directory. Each case
+// states the real-fs outcome as the expectation. Cases are independent so
+// the runner reports each one.
+
+require('../common');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const fs = require('fs');
+const path = require('path');
+const zlib = require('zlib');
+const vfs = require('node:vfs');
+const { test } = require('node:test');
+
+// Builds a writable in-memory archive from [name, content, options] triples
+// and mounts it, returning the mount point.
+function mountZip(entries) {
+  const list = entries.map(({ 0: name, 1: content, 2: options }) =>
+    zlib.ZipEntry.createSync(name, Buffer.from(content), options));
+  const chunks = [];
+  for (const chunk of zlib.createZipArchiveSync(list)) chunks.push(chunk);
+  const provider = new vfs.ZipProvider(new zlib.ZipBuffer(Buffer.concat(chunks)));
+  return vfs.create(provider).mount();
+}
+
+test('opening an existing file with "w" truncates it even without a write', () => {
+  const file = path.join(mountZip([['f.txt', 'hello']]), 'f.txt');
+  fs.closeSync(fs.openSync(file, 'w'));
+  assert.strictEqual(fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8'), '');
+});
+
+test('opening a new file with "w" creates it even without a write', () => {
+  const file = path.join(mountZip([['f.txt', 'hello']]), 'new.txt');
+  fs.closeSync(fs.openSync(file, 'w'));
+  assert.strictEqual(fs.existsSync(file), true);
+});
+
+test('opening a new file with "a" creates it even without a write', () => {
+  const file = path.join(mountZip([['f.txt', 'hello']]), 'log.txt');
+  fs.closeSync(fs.openSync(file, 'a'));
+  assert.strictEqual(fs.existsSync(file), true);
+});
+
+test('appending keeps the entry mode', () => {
+  const file = path.join(mountZip([['x.sh', 'a', { mode: 0o755 }]]), 'x.sh');
+  assert.strictEqual(fs.statSync(file).mode & 0o777, 0o755);
+  fs.appendFileSync(file, 'b');
+  assert.strictEqual(fs.statSync(file).mode & 0o777, 0o755);
+  assert.strictEqual(fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8'), 'ab');
+});
+
+test('an in-place write keeps the entry mode', () => {
+  const file = path.join(mountZip([['x.sh', 'abc', { mode: 0o755 }]]), 'x.sh');
+  const fd = fs.openSync(file, 'r+');
+  fs.writeSync(fd, Buffer.from('Z'), 0, 1, 0);
+  fs.closeSync(fd);
+  assert.strictEqual(fs.statSync(file).mode & 0o777, 0o755);
+});
+
+test('a new file gets the mode passed to open', () => {
+  const file = path.join(mountZip([['f.txt', 'hello']]), 'new.sh');
+  const fd = fs.openSync(file, 'w', 0o700);
+  fs.writeSync(fd, Buffer.from('#!'));
+  fs.closeSync(fd);
+  assert.strictEqual(fs.statSync(file).mode & 0o777, 0o700);
+});
+
+test('fstat reports the entry mode, not the open() mode argument', () => {
+  const file = path.join(mountZip([['x.sh', 'a', { mode: 0o755 }]]), 'x.sh');
+  const fd = fs.openSync(file, 'r');
+  try {
+    assert.strictEqual(fs.fstatSync(fd).mode & 0o777, 0o755);
+  } finally {
+    fs.closeSync(fd);
+  }
+});
+
+test('fstat reports the entry modification time', () => {
+  const modified = new Date('2020-01-02T03:04:05Z');
+  const file = path.join(mountZip([['f.txt', 'a', { modified }]]), 'f.txt');
+  const fd = fs.openSync(file, 'r');
+  try {
+    // ZIP timestamps have two-second resolution, so compare at that grain.
+    assert.strictEqual(Math.floor(fs.fstatSync(fd).mtimeMs / 2000),
+                       Math.floor(modified.getTime() / 2000));
+  } finally {
+    fs.closeSync(fd);
+  }
+});
+
+test('renaming a file onto an existing directory fails with EISDIR', () => {
+  const mount = mountZip([['dir/', ''], ['f', 'x']]);
+  assert.throws(() => fs.renameSync(path.join(mount, 'f'), path.join(mount, 'dir')),
+                { code: 'EISDIR' });
+  assert.strictEqual(fs.statSync(path.join(mount, 'dir')).isDirectory(), true);
+  assert.strictEqual(fs.readFileSync(path.join(mount, 'f'), 'utf8'), 'x');
+});