diff --git a/conf/config.neon b/conf/config.neon
index f64d549182..e9089e1137 100644
--- a/conf/config.neon
+++ b/conf/config.neon
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ parameters:
 		rawMessageInBaseline: false
 		reportNestedTooWideType: false
 		assignToByRefForeachExpr: false
+		narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty: false
 		curlSetOptArrayTypes: false
 		magicDirInInclude: false
 		checkDateIntervalConstructor: false
diff --git a/conf/parametersSchema.neon b/conf/parametersSchema.neon
index cf5d3b4ef6..bda5e214c6 100644
--- a/conf/parametersSchema.neon
+++ b/conf/parametersSchema.neon
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ parametersSchema:
 		rawMessageInBaseline: bool()
 		reportNestedTooWideType: bool()
 		assignToByRefForeachExpr: bool()
+		narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty: bool()
 		curlSetOptArrayTypes: bool()
 		magicDirInInclude: bool()
 		checkDateIntervalConstructor: bool()
diff --git a/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php b/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php
index 7cb8aa2805..1146e8d807 100644
--- a/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php
+++ b/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php
@@ -142,6 +142,7 @@
 use PHPStan\ShouldNotHappenException;
 use PHPStan\TrinaryLogic;
 use PHPStan\Type\ClosureType;
+use PHPStan\Type\Constant\ConstantArrayType;
 use PHPStan\Type\Constant\ConstantIntegerType;
 use PHPStan\Type\Constant\ConstantStringType;
 use PHPStan\Type\FileTypeMapper;
@@ -266,6 +267,8 @@ public function __construct(
 		private readonly bool $polluteScopeWithLoopInitialAssignments,
 		#[AutowiredParameter]
 		private readonly bool $polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach,
+		#[AutowiredParameter(ref: '%featureToggles.narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty%')]
+		private readonly bool $narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty,
 		#[AutowiredParameter]
 		private readonly bool $polluteScopeWithBlock,
 		#[AutowiredParameter]
@@ -1487,6 +1490,11 @@ public function processStmtNode(
 				$stmt->expr,
 				new Array_([]),
 			);
+			// The loop body is only entered when the iteratee is non-empty. Under
+			// narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty we narrow it there (list to non-empty-list,
+			// array to non-empty-array) even with polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach
+			// off; with the toggle off the body scope is unchanged.
+			$narrowForeachBody = $this->narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty || $this->polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach;
 			$this->callNodeCallback($nodeCallback, new InForeachNode($stmt), $scope, $storage);
 			$originalScope = $scope;
 			$bodyScope = $scope;
@@ -1509,7 +1517,7 @@ public function processStmtNode(
 			if ($context->isTopLevel()) {
 				$storage = $originalStorage->duplicate();
 
-				$originalScope = $this->polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach ? $scope->filterByTruthyValue($arrayComparisonExpr) : $scope;
+				$originalScope = $narrowForeachBody ? $scope->filterByTruthyValue($arrayComparisonExpr) : $scope;
 				$unrolledResult = $this->tryProcessUnrolledConstantArrayForeach($stmt, $originalScope, $originalStorage, $context);
 				if ($unrolledResult !== null) {
 					$bodyScope = $unrolledResult['bodyScope'];
@@ -1520,7 +1528,7 @@ public function processStmtNode(
 					$count = 0;
 					do {
 						$prevScope = $bodyScope;
-						$bodyScope = $bodyScope->mergeWith($this->polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach ? $scope->filterByTruthyValue($arrayComparisonExpr) : $scope);
+						$bodyScope = $bodyScope->mergeWith($narrowForeachBody ? $scope->filterByTruthyValue($arrayComparisonExpr) : $scope);
 						$storage = $originalStorage->duplicate();
 						$bodyScope = $this->enterForeach($bodyScope, $storage, $originalScope, $stmt, $nodeCallback);
 						$bodyScopeResult = $this->processStmtNodesInternal($stmt, $stmt->stmts, $bodyScope, $storage, new NoopNodeCallback(), $context->enterDeep())->filterOutLoopExitPoints();
@@ -1540,7 +1548,7 @@ public function processStmtNode(
 				}
 			}
 
-			$bodyScope = $bodyScope->mergeWith($this->polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach ? $scope->filterByTruthyValue($arrayComparisonExpr) : $scope);
+			$bodyScope = $bodyScope->mergeWith($narrowForeachBody ? $scope->filterByTruthyValue($arrayComparisonExpr) : $scope);
 			$storage = $originalStorage;
 			$bodyScope = $this->enterForeach($bodyScope, $storage, $originalScope, $stmt, $nodeCallback);
 			$finalPassContext = $unrolledTotalKeys !== null ? $context->enterUnrolledForeach($unrolledTotalKeys) : $context;
@@ -1688,6 +1696,33 @@ public function processStmtNode(
 			}
 
 			$isIterableAtLeastOnce = $exprType->isIterableAtLeastOnce();
+
+			$iterateeCertainty = $finalScope->hasExpressionType($stmt->expr);
+			if (
+				$this->narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty
+				&& !$this->polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach
+				&& !$iterateeCertainty->no()
+				&& !$isIterableAtLeastOnce->yes()
+			) {
+				// With the flag off the after-loop scope must not assume the loop ran, so
+				// undo the body narrowing: restore the iteratee's possibly-empty-ness
+				// (keeping element types the body refined). Only the non-emptiness the
+				// narrowing added is stripped; an iteratee already non-empty before the
+				// loop keeps it, and a literal like `foreach ([1, 2] as $v)` is skipped.
+				$finalIterateeType = $finalScope->getType($stmt->expr);
+				if ($finalIterateeType->isArray()->yes()) {
+					$finalIterateeNativeType = $finalScope->getNativeType($stmt->expr);
+					$finalScope = $finalScope->specifyExpressionType(
+						$stmt->expr,
+						TypeCombinator::union($finalIterateeType, new ConstantArrayType([], [])),
+						$finalIterateeNativeType->isArray()->yes()
+							? TypeCombinator::union($finalIterateeNativeType, new ConstantArrayType([], []))
+							: $finalIterateeNativeType,
+						$iterateeCertainty,
+					);
+				}
+			}
+
 			if ($isIterableAtLeastOnce->maybe() || $exprType->isIterable()->no()) {
 				$finalScope = $finalScope->mergeWith($scope->filterByTruthyValue(new BooleanOr(
 					new BinaryOp\Identical(
diff --git a/src/Testing/RuleTestCase.php b/src/Testing/RuleTestCase.php
index 7f70e1f031..c7b5030b5c 100644
--- a/src/Testing/RuleTestCase.php
+++ b/src/Testing/RuleTestCase.php
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ protected function createNodeScopeResolver(): NodeScopeResolver
 			self::getContainer()->getByType(DeepNodeCloner::class),
 			$this->shouldPolluteScopeWithLoopInitialAssignments(),
 			$this->shouldPolluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach(),
+			self::getContainer()->getParameter('featureToggles')['narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty'],
 			self::getContainer()->getParameter('polluteScopeWithBlock'),
 			[],
 			[],
diff --git a/src/Testing/TypeInferenceTestCase.php b/src/Testing/TypeInferenceTestCase.php
index 6dbcfd5f4c..666ce5f6ea 100644
--- a/src/Testing/TypeInferenceTestCase.php
+++ b/src/Testing/TypeInferenceTestCase.php
@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ protected static function createNodeScopeResolver(): NodeScopeResolver
 			self::getContainer()->getByType(DeepNodeCloner::class),
 			$container->getParameter('polluteScopeWithLoopInitialAssignments'),
 			$container->getParameter('polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach'),
+			$container->getParameter('featureToggles')['narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty'],
 			$container->getParameter('polluteScopeWithBlock'),
 			static::getEarlyTerminatingMethodCalls(),
 			static::getEarlyTerminatingFunctionCalls(),
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/AnalyserTest.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/AnalyserTest.php
index fbdcabe954..47d0f6360f 100644
--- a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/AnalyserTest.php
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/AnalyserTest.php
@@ -841,6 +841,7 @@ private function createAnalyser(): Analyser
 			$container->getByType(DeepNodeCloner::class),
 			false,
 			true,
+			false,
 			true,
 			[],
 			[],
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Bug13312NoPolluteTest.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Bug13312NoPolluteTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..43f89c0d88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Bug13312NoPolluteTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types = 1);
+
+namespace PHPStan\Analyser;
+
+use PHPStan\Testing\TypeInferenceTestCase;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
+
+class Bug13312NoPolluteTest extends TypeInferenceTestCase
+{
+
+	public static function dataFileAsserts(): iterable
+	{
+		yield from self::gatherAssertTypes(__DIR__ . '/data/bug-13312-no-pollute.php');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param mixed ...$args
+	 */
+	#[DataProvider('dataFileAsserts')]
+	public function testFileAsserts(
+		string $assertType,
+		string $file,
+		...$args,
+	): void
+	{
+		$this->assertFileAsserts($assertType, $file, ...$args);
+	}
+
+	public static function getAdditionalConfigFiles(): array
+	{
+		return [
+			__DIR__ . '/bug-13312-no-pollute.neon',
+		];
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Bug13312StableTest.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Bug13312StableTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff63e16c50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Bug13312StableTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types = 1);
+
+namespace PHPStan\Analyser;
+
+use PHPStan\Testing\TypeInferenceTestCase;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
+
+class Bug13312StableTest extends TypeInferenceTestCase
+{
+
+	public static function dataFileAsserts(): iterable
+	{
+		yield from self::gatherAssertTypes(__DIR__ . '/data/bug-13312-stable.php');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param mixed ...$args
+	 */
+	#[DataProvider('dataFileAsserts')]
+	public function testFileAsserts(
+		string $assertType,
+		string $file,
+		...$args,
+	): void
+	{
+		$this->assertFileAsserts($assertType, $file, ...$args);
+	}
+
+	public static function getAdditionalConfigFiles(): array
+	{
+		return [
+			__DIR__ . '/bug-13312-stable.neon',
+		];
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Fiber/FiberNodeScopeResolverRuleTest.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Fiber/FiberNodeScopeResolverRuleTest.php
index fa04faa0d0..f8cd77ae62 100644
--- a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Fiber/FiberNodeScopeResolverRuleTest.php
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Fiber/FiberNodeScopeResolverRuleTest.php
@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ protected function createNodeScopeResolver(): NodeScopeResolver
 			self::getContainer()->getByType(DeepNodeCloner::class),
 			$this->shouldPolluteScopeWithLoopInitialAssignments(),
 			$this->shouldPolluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach(),
+			self::getContainer()->getParameter('featureToggles')['narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty'],
 			self::getContainer()->getParameter('polluteScopeWithBlock'),
 			[],
 			[],
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Fiber/FiberNodeScopeResolverTest.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Fiber/FiberNodeScopeResolverTest.php
index 5ede52160a..60cbd18fa1 100644
--- a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Fiber/FiberNodeScopeResolverTest.php
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/Fiber/FiberNodeScopeResolverTest.php
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ protected static function createNodeScopeResolver(): NodeScopeResolver
 			$container->getByType(DeepNodeCloner::class),
 			$container->getParameter('polluteScopeWithLoopInitialAssignments'),
 			$container->getParameter('polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach'),
+			$container->getParameter('featureToggles')['narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty'],
 			$container->getParameter('polluteScopeWithBlock'),
 			static::getEarlyTerminatingMethodCalls(),
 			static::getEarlyTerminatingFunctionCalls(),
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/bug-13312-no-pollute.neon b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/bug-13312-no-pollute.neon
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2827569d0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/bug-13312-no-pollute.neon
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+parameters:
+	polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach: false
+	featureToggles:
+		narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty: true
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/bug-13312-stable.neon b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/bug-13312-stable.neon
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3ee516d3be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/bug-13312-stable.neon
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+parameters:
+	polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach: false
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/data/bug-13312-no-pollute.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/data/bug-13312-no-pollute.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2926f97297
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/data/bug-13312-no-pollute.php
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types = 1);
+
+namespace Bug13312NoPollute;
+
+use function PHPStan\Testing\assertType;
+
+/** @param list<mixed> $arr */
+function foo(array $arr): void {
+	assertType('list<mixed>', $arr);
+	foreach ($arr as $v) {
+		assertType('non-empty-list<mixed>', $arr);
+	}
+	assertType('list<mixed>', $arr);
+
+	for ($i = 0; $i < count($arr); ++$i) {
+		assertType('non-empty-list<mixed>', $arr);
+	}
+	assertType('list<mixed>', $arr);
+}
+
+/** @param array<string, int> $arr */
+function fooStringKeyed(array $arr): void {
+	assertType('array<string, int>', $arr);
+	foreach ($arr as $v) {
+		assertType('non-empty-array<string, int>', $arr);
+	}
+	assertType('array<string, int>', $arr);
+}
+
+/** @param list<mixed> $arr */
+function fooReassign(array $arr): void {
+	foreach ($arr as $v) {
+		$arr = [];
+		assertType('array{}', $arr);
+	}
+	assertType('array{}', $arr);
+}
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/data/bug-13312-stable.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/data/bug-13312-stable.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b952600ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/data/bug-13312-stable.php
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types = 1);
+
+namespace Bug13312Stable;
+
+use function PHPStan\Testing\assertType;
+
+// With polluteScopeWithAlwaysIterableForeach off and narrowForeachBodyNonEmpty off
+// (the stable default), the foreach body does not narrow the iterated expression.
+// The for-loop narrowing is a separate mechanism and still applies.
+
+/** @param list<mixed> $arr */
+function foo(array $arr): void {
+	assertType('list<mixed>', $arr);
+	foreach ($arr as $v) {
+		assertType('list<mixed>', $arr);
+	}
+	assertType('list<mixed>', $arr);
+
+	for ($i = 0; $i < count($arr); ++$i) {
+		assertType('non-empty-list<mixed>', $arr);
+	}
+	assertType('list<mixed>', $arr);
+}
+
+/** @param array<string, int> $arr */
+function fooStringKeyed(array $arr): void {
+	assertType('array<string, int>', $arr);
+	foreach ($arr as $v) {
+		assertType('array<string, int>', $arr);
+	}
+	assertType('array<string, int>', $arr);
+}
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-13312.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-13312.php
index 3a7ab22873..9a47594a06 100644
--- a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-13312.php
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-13312.php
@@ -32,6 +32,24 @@ function foo(array $arr): void {
 }
 
 
+/** @param array<string, int> $arr */
+function fooStringKeyed(array $arr): void {
+	assertType('array<string, int>', $arr);
+	foreach ($arr as $v) {
+		assertType('non-empty-array<string, int>', $arr);
+	}
+	assertType('array<string, int>', $arr);
+}
+
+/** @param list<mixed> $arr */
+function fooReassign(array $arr): void {
+	foreach ($arr as $v) {
+		$arr = [];
+		assertType('array{}', $arr);
+	}
+	assertType('array{}', $arr);
+}
+
 function fooBar(mixed $mixed): void {
 	assertType('mixed', $mixed);
 	foreach ($mixed as $v) {