diff --git a/Python/pystate.c b/Python/pystate.c
index b0c924adbe0fc20..8349df1b573952d 100644
--- a/Python/pystate.c
+++ b/Python/pystate.c
@@ -655,6 +655,9 @@ init_interpreter(PyInterpreterState *interp,
         NULL,
         &alloc
     );
+    if (interp->open_stackrefs_table == NULL) {
+        return _PyStatus_NO_MEMORY();
+    }
 #  ifdef Py_STACKREF_CLOSE_DEBUG
     interp->closed_stackrefs_table = _Py_hashtable_new_full(
         _Py_hashtable_hash_ptr,
@@ -663,6 +666,9 @@ init_interpreter(PyInterpreterState *interp,
         NULL,
         &alloc
     );
+    if (interp->closed_stackrefs_table == NULL) {
+        return _PyStatus_NO_MEMORY();
+    }
 #  endif
     _Py_stackref_associate(interp, Py_None, PyStackRef_None);
     _Py_stackref_associate(interp, Py_False, PyStackRef_False);