feat(doctrine): add ChainFilter to compose filters on one parameter (ORM + ODM)

[soyuka]

Q	A
Branch?	4.4
Bug fix?	no
New feature?	yes
Deprecations?	no
Issues	Related to #8407
License	MIT
Doc PR	api-platform/docs#2316

What

Adds ChainFilter for Doctrine ORM and MongoDB ODM — a thin composite that holds several filters and applies each in turn on a single query-parameter key:

new QueryParameter(
    key: 'birthdate',
    property: 'birthdate',
    filter: new ChainFilter([
        new ExactFilter(),
        new DateFilter(), // or ComparisonFilter(new ExactFilter())
    ]),
)

• ?birthdate=1999-12-31 → equality
• ?birthdate[before]=… / [after] / [strictly_before] / [strictly_after] → DateFilter (full null management + date semantics), or [lt]/[gt]/… with ComparisonFilter

Each wrapped filter self-selects by value shape — ComparisonFilter/DateFilter ignore scalars, ExactFilter/PartialSearchFilter ignore associative (operator-map) arrays — so the composite just applies all of them; no supports() method needed. getOpenApiParameters() merges every wrapped filter's parameters. ManagerRegistry/Logger are forwarded to aware inner filters (mirroring FreeTextQueryFilter), and ChainFilter's own getDescription() is a no-op — so wrapping a legacy DateFilter also suppresses the cosmetic ManagerRegistry warmup ALERT from #7361.

Why

Users combining equality with comparison/date operators on one property previously had to hand-write a bespoke dispatching decorator (see #8407). ChainFilter makes it declarative and reusable, on the "thin composers over single-responsibility primaries" line of the new filter system (like OrFilter, FreeTextQueryFilter).

Guards

Carries the associative-array guard on ExactFilter/PartialSearchFilter (ORM and ODM): if (\is_array($value) && !array_is_list($value)) return;. It's load-bearing for the chain — without it those filters treat an operator-map as an IN list/LIKE set and corrupt the comparison. The ORM guard also ships standalone on 4.3 in #8415; the two reconcile cleanly on merge-up.

Test

ChainFilterTest (ORM) + ChainFilterMongoDbTest (ODM): exact match, [lt], [gte], and OpenAPI merge of both filters. Both green (mongod exercised). php-cs-fixer clean, PHPStan [OK].