Move to C++23

[targos]

Chromium is doing it: https://issues.chromium.org/issues/388070065

[richardlau]

Any indication that we'll need to bump compiler versions?

[targos]

Looking at https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/compiler_support/23, this really depends on the features.

• Clang 19 has very good coverage
• GCC 12 much less

[targos]

I opened #61132 to try it.

[github-actions]

This issue has been marked as stale due to 210 days of inactivity.
It will be automatically closed in 30 days if no further activity occurs. If this is still relevant, please leave a comment or update it to keep it open.